Summary
Some of the most powerful ideas in STEM are expressed in symbols, equations, and proofs. Unfortunately, these formal representations (i.e., formalisms) can be hard to understand, putting distance between millions of learners, practitioners, and scientists and the concepts that could support their work. The fact that scientific texts are becoming increasingly digital provides new opportunities to help readers understand formalisms. Digital texts might let readers look at individual terms in equations, access definitions that are aligned with their own knowledge, and see examples that make their
