Summary
Microprocessors have advanced to a point where they are no longer entirely reliable, being affected by silent computation errors (SCEs) that can corrupt the validity of application results without the user being able to notice. These errors compound for large scale high performance computing (HPC) applications that run in deployments with hundreds or even thousands of nodes and while there exist techniques and research on using runtime monitoring to detect such errors, they suffer from high-overhead, they are limited in the errors they detect, and they are all best-effort, without any guarante
