Summary
Airborne particles released by wildfires, ranging from fine smoke to larger ash and firebrands, are increasingly recognized as a significant yet understudied factor affecting freshwater ecosystems. These particles span a broad range of sizes (from micrometers to centimeters) and exhibit diverse chemical compositions, including both nutrients and harmful substances. As they are transported through the atmosphere and deposited across landscapes, they can have a variety of ecological impacts on aquatic ecosystems, including altering thermal and physical dynamics, contributing excess nutrients, an
