Summary
Color is essential to communication, identification, and technology, yet most manufactured colors rely on chemical pigments and dyes that fade over time, generate waste, and require environmentally harmful processing. In contrast, many natural systems produce color through precisely organized microstructures that interact with light, creating vibrant and durable effects without chemical colorants. However, manufacturing such microstructure-based color in scalable, customizable ways remains a major challenge, particularly for additive manufacturing technologies that are widely used for rapid pr
