Summary
Lignin is a natural substance found in plants and wood. Recently, researchers have explored ways to change lignin into very small particles known as lignin nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have promising applications. They can be used to create food packaging that fights bacteria. They can also be used as wound dressings that help prevent infections. These particles can also be placed in materials that clean water by trapping microbes. However, how these nanoparticles enter and affect bacterial cells is not well understood. This project will investigate how changing the particle properties
