Summary
NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY Grain boundaries in crystalline metals are very important planar defects and play a crucial role in physical and mechanical properties of metals and alloys. During thermal/mechanical processing or deformation, new grains nucleate from the matrix and coarsen as a result of grain boundary migration. But how a new grain chooses the boundary plane with the matrix and how the grain boundary migrates has remained a long-standing fundamental problem in materials science. When a grain boundary migrates, the lattice of one grain is transformed into the lattice of the neighborin
