Summary
Nontechnical Description: One of the central principles of quantum mechanics is wave-particle duality: quantum objects can behave both as particles and as waves. In photonic systems, this dual nature of light enables two fundamentally different ways of encoding quantum information. Information can be carried either by individual photons, corresponding to discrete quantum units, or by continuous optical fields that behave like waves. Both approaches are actively explored for the development of fault-tolerant quantum technologies, and each offers distinct advantages but also important limitatio
